Olive warbler | Peucedramidae

Oranjekopzanger | Ocotero

The family holds a single species worldwide, a bird of high mountain pine forest; DNA work has set it apart as a family of its own, out of the American warblers, where it was long placed. It stays almost always high in the crown of conifers, working slowly and methodically along the outermost needle clusters, hanging upside down a great deal and picking small insects and spiders from between the needles with a thin, sharp bill notched near the tip; the branch is rarely left for a sally into the air. The head is warm orange-brown with a black mask in the male and duller in the female, the rest of the plumage grey with white wing bars. The nest sits high and far out on a horizontal limb, hidden in a dense tuft of needles, and is a deep little cup of lichen, rootlets and plant down. The song consists of clear whistled notes in an even, repeated series that carries far through the forest. There is no migration; at most the birds move down to lower forest in winter.