All species › Waders, gulls and terns › Gulls and terns

Gulls and terns | Laridae

Meeuwen en sterns | Gaviotas y charranes

Three fully webbed front toes and a small, raised hind toe: these birds can rest on the water, and salt glands above the eyes let them drink sea water as well. Two builds stand side by side within the family: heavier birds with a stout, slightly hooked bill that will eat almost anything they can get hold of, and slighter birds with a thin, pointed bill held downwards while hovering, before they drop into the water. They nest almost always in ground colonies, with one to three blotched eggs; the downy chicks stay at the nest and are fed by both parents, unlike the self-feeding young of the waders. Most species moult twice a year and show a different head pattern in winter, and in the largest species it takes two to four years before the adult plumage is complete.

Native species 24 species

Species that occur here by nature: breeding birds, winter visitors and passage migrants. They are arranged by genus, in the sequence of the list.

Chlidonias 3 species

Chroicocephalus 2 species

Gelochelidon 1 species

Hydroprogne 1 species

Larus 2 species

Onychoprion 2 species

Rynchops 1 species

Sterna 5 species

Sternula 2 species

Thalasseus 4 species

Xema 1 species

Vagrants 12 species

Birds blown in from other continents. They have no range here, and so no distribution map.