All species › Waders, gulls and terns › Gulls and terns
Gulls and terns | Laridae
Meeuwen en sterns | Gaviotas y charranes
Three fully webbed front toes and a small, raised hind toe: these birds can rest on the water, and salt glands above the eyes let them drink sea water as well. Two builds stand side by side within the family: heavier birds with a stout, slightly hooked bill that will eat almost anything they can get hold of, and slighter birds with a thin, pointed bill held downwards while hovering, before they drop into the water. They nest almost always in ground colonies, with one to three blotched eggs; the downy chicks stay at the nest and are fed by both parents, unlike the self-feeding young of the waders. Most species moult twice a year and show a different head pattern in winter, and in the largest species it takes two to four years before the adult plumage is complete.
Native species 38 species
Species that occur here by nature: breeding birds, winter visitors and passage migrants. They are arranged by genus, in the sequence of the list.
Onychoprion 2 species
Sternula 2 species
Hydroprogne 1 species
Gelochelidon 1 species
Chlidonias 3 species
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Whiskered Tern
Chlidonias hybrida
Reedbeds and marshland
Reservoirs and artificial waters
Rivers and the Nile Delta
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White-Winged Tern
Chlidonias leucopterus
Reedbeds and marshland
Reservoirs and artificial waters
Fields and irrigated farmland
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Black Tern
Chlidonias niger
Reedbeds and marshland
Reservoirs and artificial waters
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Thalasseus 4 species
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Sandwich Tern
Thalasseus sandvicensis
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Open sea
-

Greater Crested Tern
Thalasseus bergii
Open sea
Coastal cliffs and islands
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
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West African Crested Tern
Thalasseus albididorsalis
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Open sea
-

Lesser Crested Tern
Thalasseus bengalensis
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Coral coast
Open sea
Sterna 4 species
-

Arctic Tern
Sterna paradisaea
Open sea
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
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Common Tern
Sterna hirundo
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Salt lakes, chotts and sabkhas
Rivers and the Nile Delta
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White-Cheeked Tern
Sterna repressa
Coral coast
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Open sea
-

Roseate Tern
Sterna dougallii
Coral coast
Open sea
Hydrocoloeus 1 species
Xema 1 species
Chroicocephalus 2 species
Ichthyaetus 5 species
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Sooty Gull
Ichthyaetus hemprichii
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Coral coast
Coastal cliffs and islands
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Audouin's Gull
Ichthyaetus audouinii
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Coastal cliffs and islands
Open sea
-

Pallas's Gull
Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Rivers and the Nile Delta
Reservoirs and artificial waters
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White-Eyed Gull
Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus
Coral coast
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Coastal cliffs and islands
-

Mediterranean Gull
Ichthyaetus melanocephalus
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Open sea
Larus 10 species
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Kelp Gull
Larus dominicanus
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Coastal cliffs and islands
-

Lesser Black-Backed Gull
Larus fuscus
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Open sea
Reservoirs and artificial waters
-

European Herring Gull
Larus argentatus
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Gardens, parks and buildings
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Armenian Gull
Larus armenicus
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Reservoirs and artificial waters
Rivers and the Nile Delta
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Caspian Gull
Larus cachinnans
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Reservoirs and artificial waters
Rivers and the Nile Delta
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Common Gull
Larus canus
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Salt lakes, chotts and sabkhas
Reservoirs and artificial waters
-

Ring-Billed Gull
Larus delawarensis
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Reservoirs and artificial waters
-

Glaucous Gull
Larus hyperboreus
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Gardens, parks and buildings
-

Great Black-Backed Gull
Larus marinus
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Coastal cliffs and islands
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Yellow-Legged Gull
Larus michahellis
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Coastal cliffs and islands
Gardens, parks and buildings
Vagrants 4 species
Birds blown in from other continents. They have no range here, and so no distribution map.
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African Skimmer
Rynchops flavirostris
Rivers and the Nile Delta
Reservoirs and artificial waters
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Lesser Noddy
Anous tenuirostris
Open sea
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Franklin's Gull
Leucophaeus pipixcan
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Reservoirs and artificial waters
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Iceland Gull
Larus glaucoides
Lagoons, beaches and tidal flats
Gardens, parks and buildings











